Surah Al-Fajr, rich in divine oaths, cautionary narratives of past tyrannical nations, and descriptions of the Hereafter, has consistently been a focal point for exegetes. Comprehending the profound layers of meaning within this Surah, particularly within the framework of the deep Quranic understanding manifested in Imami (Shi'a) narrative sources, necessitates extensive analysis. This research employs a critical-hermeneutical approach to analyze the exegetical and esoteric (ta'wili) dimensions of Surah Al-Fajr. For this purpose, thirty narrations extracted from Tafsir Nur al-Thaqalayn, considered one of the most comprehensive Hadith-based Imami Quranic commentaries, have been studied. The findings indicate that the transmitted narrations and the exegetical tradition of the Imamiyya encompass a broad spectrum, ranging from linguistic and historical explanations to profound theological, Imamic and contextual esoteric interpretations. This study emphasizes the distinction between tafsir (exegesis) in clarifying the apparent meanings and ta'wil in unveiling hidden meanings and resolving theological dilemmas (such as esoteric interpretations concerning divine transcendence and the infallibility of prophets). Furthermore, the application of the principle of jary wa taṭbīq is highlighted as a central function within these narrations, extending to various dimensions: exemplary ethical, and historical-political . The results attest that these narrations provide a coherent and dynamic framework for a profound understanding of Quranic teachings in the realms of epistemology, monotheism, eschatology, and the human being's place in existence, thus revealing the unparalleled depth of this interpretive heritage within the Imami narrative school